Partition of bengal causes effects and outcomes pdf

The provinces of bengal and assam were reconstituted to form two provinces of manageable sizewest bengal, with a population of 54 million 42 million hindus and 18 million muslims. The annulment of the partition sorely disappointed and had a negative effect not only the muslims of bengal but also the muslims of the whole of india. How did the people of bengal react to the partition of bengal of 1905. The partition of bengal 1905 study material exams daily. Acts of terrorism forced british to divide bengal in a different way to avoid open rebellion.

It began a transformation of the indian national congress from a middleclass pressure group into a nationwide mass movement. Lord harding, who succeeded lord minto, finally announced the annulment of the partition of bengal in december 1911. The partition took effect in october 1905 and separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas. The western part of the bengal province became the state of west bengal and remained with india, whereas the eastern part of bengal. But the actual reason behind this was his fear on their existence and decided to break apart the state bengal. Predominantly hindu west bengal became a state of india, and predominantly muslim east bengal now bangladesh became a province of pakistan. Lord curzon was the viceroy of india from 1899 to 1905. What historical events have shaped this options perspective. Boycott and the swadeshi movement were arisen due to this proposal of the partition of bengal by lord curzon.

Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy in india. In the first decade of the twentieth century, the partition of bengal started to create the strong national movement of the extremists in india. Partition of bengal conclusion both decisions were fatal for the british, partition didnt achieve administrative efficiency, reversal created hostility with muslims, relations with hindus not normalized. So partition of bengal deserves a special study in the history of bengali muslims and the spread of education. The bengalis considered this as an insult to the fair name of. By the same token the agitation against the partition and the terrorism that it generated was one of the main factors which gave birth to muslim nationalism and encouraged them to engage in separatist politics. The partition of the south asian subcontinent into two independent states in 1947 was a defeat for the british policy. Swadeshi movement was one of the most momentous events in indian freedom struggle in history of india. The agitation had started months before the government formally announced the partition. If the hidden aim was to divide hindus and muslims, both decisions were important, partition created the rift,annulment intensified the.

What were the causes and effects of the partition of. How the partition of india happened and why its effects are still felt today. Why was bengal of british india partitioned in 1905. The western part with predominantly hindu population became a part of india west bengal, while the predominantly muslim eastern part east bengal became a part of pakistan. The partition of the bengal province came into effect during his viceroyalty on 16 th october 1905. The conditions for the emergence of militant nationalism had thus developed when in 1905 the partition of bengal was announced and the indian national movement entered its second stage. In january 1950 indias constitution as an independent state took effect. It was, in effect, a blueprint for the balkanization of south asia and not merely for its partition into two units and that the lahore resolution was legally a charter for a muslim dominated independent and sovereign bengal. The decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. Icse solutions for class 10 history and civics the partition of bengal icse solutionsselina icse solutions provides icse solutions for class 10 history and civics chapter 11 the partition of bengal for icse board examinations. After the british crushed the sepoy rebellion of 1875, they dissolved the east india company and took direct control of the province. What is the impact of the partition of bengal on the. Any place that endures a muslim majority along with favourable conditions for partition, like a manipulative foreign power calling the shots, weak national leadership as was the case with congress under. Causes, effects and outcomes of the partition of bengal lord curzon was the viceroy of india from 1899 to 1905.

The bengalis considered this as an insult to the fair name of their motherland. The division of the former british possession into the countries of pakistan and india led to conflicts and boundary issues that have existed into. Download partition of bengal 1905 notes pdf from the link given below. In july 1905, the government had shown intention of dividing bengal. The partition of india at the end of 350 years of british rule in 1947 resulted in riots, looting, murders and a flood of 15 million refugees. Effects of partition of bengal created a predominantly muslim province in the eastindian national congress. The first partitioning of bengal in 19056 was a landmark event which brought to the fore. In bengal, a group of bengali hindus made a serious attempt to collaborate with a section of moderate bengali muslims.

The partition of the bengal province came into effect during his viceroyalty on 16th october 1905. It led to strong opposition and indians started a movement against the british government. The partition of bengal came into effect on 16 october 1905, through a royal proclamation. The partition of bengal in 1947, part of the partition of india, divided the british indian province of bengal based on the radcliffe line between india and pakistan. Partition of bengal 1905 facts and general knowledge partition of bengal 1905 is also known as banga vanga andolon in india. The provincial state of bengal had an area of 189,000 sq. Inspite of the separation of assam which had taken with it the bengali. The partition of india led to the partition of bengal 1947 dividing the british indian province of bengal into two the hindu dominant west. The partition of india was the process of dividing the subcontinent along sectarian lines, which took place in 1947 as india gained its independence from the british raj. In 1947, bengal was partitioned again, following horrific clashes between hindus and. In 1905, lord curzon divided bengal into two provinces. The partition of bengal was thus calculated to restore efficiency in the government and administration on one hand and encouraged local initiatives for progress and development on the other.

Impact of the partition of bengal on the freedom movement in india. A country chiefly famous in the west for media images of poverty, underdevelopment, and natural disasters, bangladesh did not exist as an independent state until 1971. So the main purpose of this article is to elaborate this development. The reaction of nationalist leaders in bengal against this proposal was moderate in nature. The bengal partition,background,partition,political crisis. Unity among the people lord curzon in charge of the government of india proposed the division of bengal for administrative convenience. They resorted to petitions, memoranda, speeches, public meetings and press campaigns to express their opinion against partition. We provide step by step solutions for icse history and civics class 10 solutions pdf. The idea of the partition had been brought up only for administrative reasons. Partition of bengal causes effects and outcomes 3006021 the reasons behind the partition are.

The partition led to the growth of revolutionaries and the agitation in bengal against lie british. British partitioned bengal into hindu and muslim sections. The partition created a new province of east bengal, which later became east pakistan, the present day bangladesh. Swadeshi movement pdf important points short note gk. Bangladesh is a new name for an old land whose history is little known to the wider world. This article talks about the partition of bengal, 1905 and the causes, effects and outcomes of the partition. Against the partition of bengal, extremists organised the swadeshi movement and the boycott of british goods.

Nationalists all over india supported the bengali cause and were shocked at the british. The greatest wrong that the english can do to their asiatic subjects is not. The western part with predominantly hindu population became a part of india west bengal, while the predominantly muslim eastern part east bengal became a. Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 18991905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. On june 3, 1947, he announced a plan at a press conference famously known as the mountbatten plan as also the date of independence as august 15, 1947. How the partition of india happened and why its effects. Partition agitations and the role of the ulama ever since the constitution of assam as the chief commissioners province in 1874, the presidency ofbengal comprised ofbengal proper, bihar and orissa and chota nagpur.

Whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for partition in bengal and. In the 20th century it would become a vehicle for indias independence under the leadership of ghandi. In the majority province of east bengal the muslims would be free from hindu. Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy in india, lord curzon, despite strong indian nationalist opposition. Partition of bengal in 1905 during the british rule in india is structured by lord curzon, the viceroy of india. Outcome swadeshi rowlatt satyagraha noncooperation movement civil disobedience pakistan movement quit india name. The idea of partitioning bengal did not originate with curzon. So, in 1903 a proposal was made to separate chittagong division. The presidency of bengal was the most populous province in british india. Annulment of the partition of bengal dost pakistan. Partition of bengal, 1905 affected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 18991905. Partition of bengal finding the bengal presidency too large for one governor to administer, in 1905, the british decided to redraw its boundaries and divide it into two parts.

On 20 july 1905, lord curzon issued an order dividing the province of bengal into two parts. The partition of bengal indeed marks a turning point in the history of nationalism in india. The students showed the greatest enthusiasm and created swadeshi spirit in bengal and also india. The origins of the partition of bengal are to be found in. Organization formed in 1885 by wealthy, westerneducated indians to advance the cause of indian involvement in their own governance. Lord curzon in charge of the government of india proposed the division of bengal for administrative convenience.

The plan that included partition of the muslimmajority provinces of bengal and punjab accomplished the actual partition of british india into two separate dominions of india and pakistan. This brought a mass agitation in bengal and through out india. Hunter in his book on the indian musalmans 23 june 1871 published from london in 1876 3rd edition in the preface said. For the 1947 partition, see partition of bengal 1947.

Since the spread of muslim education in the eastern part in the new province was remarkable compared to the assam region, geographically the study focuses only on. The northern, predominantly muslim sections of india became the nation of pakistan, while the southern and majority hindu section became the republic of india. The partition separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas on 16. Following the devastating effects of the second world war, the british colonialists gave up their control over the indian subcontinent and the 1947 partition outlined two independent nations. It included the hindispeaking regions of bihar, the oriyaspeaking regions of orissa as well as the assamesespeaking region of assam, making it a huge administrative entity. Bengal, which included bihar and orissa since 1765, was admittedly much too large for a single province of british india. In 1947, bengal was partitioned for the second time, solely on religious grounds, as part of the partition of india following the formation of india. Icse solutions for class 10 history and civics the. It may be said that it was out of the travails of bengal that indian nationalism was born. Proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. The hidden story of partition and its legacies bbc.

Partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 bengal, bihar and orissa had formed a single province under british india since 1765. This movement had left a deep impact on literature, music. Lord curzon partitioned bengal and formed two new provinces of manageable size east and west bengal. At the end of this movement, the real form of extremism had appeared as a model of modern indian national movement.

Partition of bengal and swadeshi movement partition of bengal. To understand the sociopolitical effect of partition in bengal in 1906, a first hand im. Steps towards partition bengal at the time of lord curzon was the biggest and most populated province unable to be governed by a single person, or so the official record runs. The government explained that the partition was for stimulating the growth of the under developed eastern region of bengal. What does this group want for the future of bengal. The muslims welcomed the partition of bengal for the following reasons. So, in 1903 a proposal was made to separate chittagong division and the districts of dhaka and. What were some of the effects of the partition of india. The moslem chronicle, the central national muhamedan association, chowdhury kazemuddin ahmad siddiky and dilawar hossain abmed condemned the proposed measure.